Revolutionizing Pathology for Accessible, High-Quality Diagnostics:

Leveraging technology to create digital pathology solutions that enhance the accessibility, efficiency and accuracy of surgical pathology services across healthcare systems.

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Dr. Maureen Waithaka

Enhancing Pathology with Digital Technology.

Maureen Waithaka is an experienced medical doctor with specialisation in pathology. She is a passionate medical educator and a digital pathology innovator. She foresees a future where all patients in Kenya, on the continent and beyond, have access to good quality and affordable pathology resources.

An alumnus of Aga Khan University Hospital, a competitive and peer approved anatomic pathology residency program, she has worked both in Kenya and Namibia honing histopathology diagnostic skills.

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Digital Pathology

My key areas of expertise.

Histopathology Diagnostics

Developing expertise in the microscopic study of tissue to produce detailed, high caliber and standardized pathology reports that inform disease treatment, including cancer.

Digital Pathology Leadership

Leading implementation of digital pathology solutions and their promising digital pathways that work to improve access to pathology services and patient outcomes.

Medical Education & Content Development

Creating innovative education content for both curricular medical education and public health awareness through digital platforms and traditional teaching methods.

I've worked with top healthcare institutions to enhance diagnostics.

Traditional pathology has long been the mainstay of diagnostics in the institutions within which I have worked. It has laid the foundation for the work I am currently doing, applying digital pathology to revolutionize pathology.

Digital pathology offers a potent potential solution to pathologist shortages faced in many parts of Kenya, Africa and the world at large. Patients in underserved areas can have their biopsies processed into glass slides, which can then be scanned into high resolution digital images that can be securely sent to a pathologist for review and diagnosis, regardless of distance or location. And this is only the tip of the iceberg.

Not only can digital pathology enable remote populations to access crucial pathology services, but it can also make the pathology workflow more efficient. Additionally, digital pathology can integrate AI and molecular data to enable more accurate and more comprehensive diagnoses that improve treatment outcomes.

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Ensure accurate diagnoses and expert insights with a professional digital pathology consultation. Whether you need diagnostic support, second opinions, or digital pathology solutions, I'm here to help enhance patient care and outcomes.

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Understanding Pathology Workflows

Explore the evolution from traditional microscopy to modern digital pathology systems

Healthcare Institution

How Traditional Pathology Works

The established workflow that has been the foundation of pathological diagnosis for decades

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Biopsy and Tissue Preparation

Under sterile conditions, a doctor takes a biopsy - a sample of tissue from the area of disease, from the patient...

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Creation of Glass Slides

In the lab, through a multistep process that involves both manual and automated procedures...

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Slide Analysis Using a Microscope

The glass slide is then availed to a pathologist, who examines it under the microscope...

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How Digital Pathology Works

The modern approach utilizing digital technology to enhance diagnostic capabilities and workflow efficiency

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Biopsy and Tissue Preparation

Under sterile conditions, a doctor takes a biopsy - a sample of tissue from the area of disease...

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Creation of Digital Slides

In the lab, through a multistep process, the preserved biopsy is converted into a glass slide...

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Computerized Analysis of Digital Slides

The digital slide is examined by a pathologist on the digital platform...

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Biopsy and Tissue Preparation

Under sterile conditions, a doctor takes a biopsy - a sample of tissue from the area of disease, from the patient. The biopsy is then preserved in a chemical called formalin and sent to the lab.

This initial step is crucial in the pathology process as it ensures that the tissue sample remains intact and preserved for accurate analysis. The formalin fixation process stops cellular processes and prevents decomposition, maintaining the tissue's structural integrity for examination.

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Creation of Glass Slides

In the lab, through a multistep process that involves both manual and automated procedures, the preserved biopsy is converted into a glass slide.

This process typically involves embedding the tissue in paraffin wax, cutting extremely thin sections using a microtome, and mounting these sections on glass slides. The slides are then stained with specific dyes to highlight different cellular structures and abnormalities.

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Slide Analysis Using a Microscope

The glass slide is then availed to a pathologist, who examines it under the microscope to make a diagnosis and generate a pathology report. This report is shared with the patient's primary doctor to enable them to continue treatment, based on the results communicated in the pathologist's report.

The pathologist uses their expertise to identify cellular abnormalities, tissue architecture changes, and other diagnostic markers. This manual examination requires years of training and experience to accurately interpret the microscopic findings.

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Biopsy and Tissue Preparation (Digital)

Under sterile conditions, a doctor takes a biopsy - a sample of tissue from the area of disease, from the patient. The biopsy is then preserved in a chemical called formalin and sent to the lab.

The initial steps in digital pathology are identical to traditional pathology. The same careful attention to sterile technique and proper preservation is required to ensure high-quality digital images can be created later in the process.

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Creation of Digital Slides

In the lab, through a multistep process that involves both manual and automated procedures, the preserved biopsy is converted into a glass slide. Subsequently, using a machine called a slide scanner, the glass slide is converted to a high resolution digital image, which is called a virtual or digital slide. This digital slide is uploaded onto a secure digital platform.

The slide scanner captures the entire glass slide at extremely high resolution, creating a digital image that can be zoomed and navigated just like using a physical microscope. These digital slides can be stored, shared, and accessed remotely while maintaining diagnostic quality.

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Computerized Analysis of Digital Slides

The digital slide is examined by a pathologist on the digital platform. A diagnosis is then made and a pathology report generated on the platform. This report is securely shared with the patient's primary doctor to enable them to continue treatment, based on the results communicated in the pathologist's report.

Digital pathology allows for enhanced workflow efficiency, remote consultations, AI-assisted analysis, and better collaboration between healthcare professionals. The digital platform often includes tools for measurement, annotation, and sharing findings with colleagues for second opinions.